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Mantras which are recited during various Saṁskāras will be included in this section and updated as an when material has been collected.
Vivāha Mantras:
Vivāha Mantras recited at various stages of the marriage ceremony are listed hereunder. However, there are differences in the Mantras in the Gṛhya Sūtras of different Vedic branches. There are also differences in the occasions at which some of the mantras are chanted. Links have been given to Vivāha Mantras from each Gṛhya Sūtra and shown separately at the end of this section.
When the wooers are sent to the prospective bride’s douse, the following mantras are recited
१. अनृक्षरा ऋजवः सन्तु पन्था येभिः सखायो यन्ति नो वरेयम् ।
समर्यमा सम्भगो नो निनीयात् सं जास्पत्यं सुयममस्तु देवाः ॥
(R.V.-10.85.23, A.V.-14.1.34)
May the path of the wooer’s be thornless and smooth. May Aryamā and may Bhaga lead us. May the union of the couple be easily accomplished.
२. प्र सु ग्मन्ता धियसानस्य सक्षणि वरेर्भिर्वराँ अभि षु प्रसीदतः ।
अस्माकमिन्द्र उभयं जुजोषिति यत्सोम्यस्यान्धसो बुबोधति ॥
(R.V.-10.32.1)
Indra sends his fast moving horses to serve the expectant worshipper. May Indra
come to the excellent propitiations of the worshipper. Indra is happy with our Oblations and Adorations when he tastes the food presented by the offerer of Soma.
३. समाना व आकूतानि समाना हृदयानि वः ।
समानमस्तु वो मनो यथा वः सुसहासति ॥
(R.V.-10.191.4)
Common be the intention of the worshippers, common be the feelings in your hearts, common be your thoughts so that there is happy union among you.
At the time of Vāgdāna
४. अनाधृष्टमस्यानाधृष्टय़ देवानामोजाऽनभिशस्त्यभिशस्तिपा
अनभिशस्तेयमञ्जसा सत्यमुपगेषं सुविते मा धा ||
(Sh.Sh.S.-5.8.2)
Undisturbed are you, the undisturbable vigour of the gods, not cursed,
protecting against a curse, unexposed to a curse. May I straightaway attain the truth. Put me into prosperity.’
Madhuparka
५. यन्मधुनो मधव्यं परममनाद्यं वीर्यम् ।
तेनाहं मधुनो मधव्येन परमेणात्राद्येन वीर्येण परमोऽन्नादो मधुव्योऽसानि ॥
(Ma.Pa.-2.10.5)
The sweetness, exalted quality of that honey which is fit for Anna Prāśana, let that make reach that sweetness and exalted state.
६. मधुगो मध्वगाहे जिह्वा मे मधुवादिनी ।
मुखे मे सारघं मधु दत्सु संवननं कृतम् ॥
The honey with its sweetness plays around sweetly on my tongue, let that honey bring on my face sweet concord.
७. मधु वाता ऋतायते मधु क्षरन्ति सिन्धवः । माध्वीर्नः सन्त्वोषधीः ॥
मधु नक्तमुतोषसो मधुमत् पार्थिवं रजः । मधु द्योरस्तु नः पिता ॥
मधुमान्नो वनस्पतिर्मधुमाँ अस्तु सूर्यः । माध्वीर्गावो भवन्तु नः ॥
The one observes the seasons with rituals the wind sweet. Rivers flow with sweetness. Let herbs be sweet for us. Let the nights,dawn & dusk and dust of the earth be sweet. And let the fatherly sky be sweet. And the plants in the forest, the Sun and our cows.
When the bride is given new clothes to wear after bathing
८. रैभ्यासीदनुदेयी नाराशंसी न्योचनी ।
सूर्याय भद्रमिद्वासो गाथयैति परिष्कृतम् ॥
(R.V.-10.85.6, A.V.-14.1.7)
Raibhi(song) was her companion, Naraśaṁsī (praise) was her slave. Sūryā’s lovely dress was adorned by Gātha.
९. चित्तिर उपब्रह्मणं चक्षुरा अभ्यञ्जनम् ।
द्योर्भूमिः कोश आसीद् यदायात् सूर्या पतिम् ॥
(R.V.-10.85.7, A.V.-14.1.6)
Mind was the pillow, the Eye the collyrium, heaven & earth were the chest(box) when Sūryā went to her husband.
१०. जरां गच्छ परिधत्स्व वासो भवाकृष्टीनामभिशस्तिपावा ।
शतं च जीव शरदः सुवर्च्चा रायश्च पोषमुपसंव्ययस्व ॥
(A.V.-19.24.5 सु is added afterजरां and गृष्टी instead of कृष्टी in A.V.)
Reach old age wearing this garment: Protect your people from curses: Live to see a hundred autumns and wrap yourself in wealth.
११.या अकृन्तन्नवयन् याश्च तत्निरे या देवीरन्तां अभितोऽददन्त ।
तास्त्वा जरसे सव्ययन्त्वायुष्मतीदं परिधत्स्व वासः ॥
(A.V.-14.1.45)
The Goddesses who have spun, woven and stretched this garment and brought the ends about, let them wrap this around you so that you reach old age and give you longevity.
१२. परिधत धत्त वाससैनां शतायुषी कृणुत दीर्घमायुः ।
बृहस्पतिः प्रायच्छद्वास एतत् सौभाग्यं राज्ञे परिधातवा ॥
(A.V.-19.24.4, M.Br.-1.1.6)
Wrap this one hundred year old garment, make it safe and long lived. Bṛhaspati has given this garment to King Soma to wrap himself for prosperity.
१३. समञ्जन्तु विश्वे देवाः समापो हृदयानि नौ ।
सं मातरिश्वा सं धाता समु देष्ट्री दधातु नौ ॥
(R.V.-10.85.47)
Let the universal gods unite our hearts. Let the waters unite them. Let Mātariśvān, Dhāta and Deṣṭri make the two of us one.
१४. यथेयं शचीं वावातां सुपुत्रां च यथाऽदितिम् ।
अविधवां चापालामेवं त्वामिह रक्षातादिममि ॥
Just as this(a comb of porcupine quill) protects Śaci, wife of Vāyu, Aditi with her sons and Apāla the Sumaṅgali, let it protect you.
१५. रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव तदस्य रूपं प्रतिचक्षणाय ।
इन्द्रो मायाभिः पुरुरूप ईयते युक्ता ह्यस्य हरयः शता दश ॥
(R.V.-6.47.18)
This(the mirror) takes on different forms and reflects the same. Indra with his Māya takes on many forms. His chariot takes on a hundred horses(sun beams.)
१६.हिरण्यवर्णाः शुचयः पावका यासु जातः कश्यपो यास्विन्द्रः ।
अग्निं या गर्भं दधिरे विरूपास्ता न आपः शं स्योना भवन्तु ॥
(A.V.-1.33.1)
Let the golden coloured, pure and auspicious water from whom Kaśyapa and Indra were born who gave Agni the womb be the giver of happiness and peace to us.
Parisara Bandhana and before mounting the chariot
१७. नीललोहितं भवति कृत्यासक्तिर्व्यज्यते ।
एधन्ते अस्या ज्ञातयः पतिर्बन्धेषु बध्यते ॥
(R.V.-10.85.28, A.V.14.1.26)
Blue and red is Kṛtyā, the goddess of destruction. She is driven away by the bride. The bride’s relations will prosper and her husband will be bound to her.
Mekhala Bandhana
१९. अभ्रातृघ्नीं वरुणापतिघ्नीं बृहस्पते ।
इन्द्रापुत्रघ्नीं लक्ष्म्यं तामस्यै सवितस्सुव ॥
(A.V.-14.1.62)
O Varuṇa, her, who is not brother-slaying; O Bṛhaspati, her who is not cattle-slaying; O Indra, her, who is not sons-slaying, O Savita bring her who is Lakshmi to us.
१९. अघोरचक्षुरपतिघ्न्ये धि शिवा पशुभ्यः सुमना सुवर्चाः ।
वीरसूर्देवकामा स्योना शं नो भव द्विपदे शं चतुष्पदे ॥
(R.V.-10.85.44, A.V.-14.2.17,18)
O Bride, do not look with evil eyes which can kill your husband, look with auspicious kind eyes towards cattle, one who will bring forth heroic children, look with eyes which will people and cattle prosper.
२०. सं त्वा नह्यामि पयसा पृथिव्याः सं त्वा नह्याम्याद्भिरोषधीभिः ।
सं त्वा नह्यामि प्रजया धनेन सह संनद्धा सुनुहि भागधेयम् ॥
(A.V.-14.2.70- वाजमेमम् for भागदेयम्)
I gird you with the milk of the earth, I gird you with the milk of the herbs, I gird you with children and wealth: With all this attain prosperity.
२१. सोमः प्रथमो विविदे गन्धर्वो विविद उत्तरः ।
तृतीयो अग्निष्टे पतिस्तुरीयस्ते मनुष्यजाः ॥
(R.V.-10.85.40)
Soma is the first, then came Gandharva, Agni is the third and the fourth as husband is man.
२२. सोमोऽददद्गन्धर्वाय गन्धर्वोऽदददग्नये ।
रयिं च पुत्रांश्चा दादग्निर्मह्यमथो इमाम् ॥
(R.V.-10.85.41)
Soma gave to Gandharva, Gandharva gave her to Agni, Agni gave her to me for the sake of wealth and children.
२३. सोमाय जनिविदे स्वाहा ।
गन्धर्वाय जनिविदे स्वाहा ।
अग्नये जनिविदे स्वाहा ।
(M.Pa.-1.4.1-3)
To Soma who has brought her, Svāhā!
To Gandharva who has brought her, Svāhā!
To Agni who has brought her, Svāhā!
Panigrahaṇa
२४. गृभ्णामि ते सौभगत्वाय हस्तं मया पत्या जरदष्टिर्यथासः ।
भगो अर्यमा सविता पुरंधिर्मह्यं त्वादुर्गार्हपत्याय देवाः ॥
(R.V.-10.85.36 A.V.-14.1.50)
I seize your hand for prosperity so that we will reach old age together. Bhaga, Aryamā, Savitā, Puraṅdhi have gifted her to me to make me a householder.
२५. अमोऽहमस्मि सा त्वं सा त्वमस्यमोऽहम् ।
सामाहमस्मि ऋक्त्वं द्योरहं पृथिवी त्वं ।
तावेहि विवहावहै सह रेतो दधावहै ।
प्रजां प्रजनयावहै पुत्रान् विन्द्यावहै ।
पुंसे पुत्राय कर्तवे रायस्पोषय सुप्रजस्त्वाय सुवीर्याय ॥
बहून् ते सन्तु जरदष्टयः संप्रियौ रोचिष्णु सुमन्स्यमनु ।
पश्येम शरदः शतं जीवेम शरदः शतं श्रुणुयाम शरदः शतम् ॥
(A.V.-14.2.71.,M.Pa.-1.3.14)
I am this(God), You are that(Goddess), You are that, I am this; Let us get married and beget children. Let us produce good heroic sons for the sake of wealth; Let us grow old together with love and concord; Let us see hundred autumns, live hundred autumns and listen to hundred autumns.
२६. सरस्वति प्रेदमव सुभगो वाजिनीवती ।
श्या त्वा विश्वस्य भूतस्य प्रजायामस्याग्रतः ।
यस्यां भूतं समभवद्यस्यां विश्वमिदं जगत् ।
तामध्य गाथां गास्यामि या स्त्रीणामुत्तमं यशः ॥
(Anuvāka)
O, Sarasvati who creates universal well being, I worship you who are the goddess of all beings; Please protect this union. I sing the praises of one who is there from the beginning of creation and one brings exaltedness to women.
Aśmārohaṇa
२७. स्योनं ध्रुवं प्रजायै धारयामि तेऽश्मानं देव्याः पृथिव्या उपस्थे ।
तमातिष्ठानुमाद्या सुवर्चा दीर्घं त आयुः सविता कृणोतु ॥
(A.V.-14.1.47)
I place upon this divine earth this firm stone for the sake of progeny. Stand on it for fame and glory; Let Savitā will grant you long life.
२८. आतिष्ठेममश्मानमश्मेव त्वं स्थिरा भव ।
अभितिष्ठ पृतन्यतस्सहस्व पृतनायतः ॥
(Ma.Pā-1.5.1)
Stand on this stone and become firm like it. Face your adversaries and destroy
your enemies.
Lājā Homa
२९. इयं नार्युपब्रूतेऽग्नौ लाजानावपन्तिका ।
दीर्घायुरस्तु मे पतिर्जीवातु शरदश्शतं ॥
(A.V.-14.2.63- पूल्या for लाजा)
This woman offers roasted grain to Agni. Let my husband have long life to see hundred autumns.
Agni Pariṇayana
३०. तुभ्यमग्रे पर्यवहन् सूर्यां वहतुना सह ।
पुनः पतिभ्यो जायां दा अग्ने प्रजया सह ॥
(R.V.-10.85.38, A.V. 14.2.1- स नः for पुनः)
In the beginning they carried around Suryā in the bridal car. Do you, Agni give husbands their wives with progeny.
३१. पुनः पत्नीमग्निरदादायुषा सह वर्चसा ।
दीर्घायुरस्या यः पतिस्स एतु शरदशतम् ॥
(R.V.-10.85.39, A.V. 14.2.2)
Agni has given her back along with long life and luster; Let her husband live a long life to see hundred autumns.
Journey to Husband’s house
३२. खे रथस्य खेऽनसः खे युगस्य शतक्रतो ।
अपालमिन्द्र त्रिष्पूत्व्यकृणोः सूर्यत्वचम् ॥
(R.V.-8.91.7, A.V.-14.1.41)
In the hole of the chariot, in the hole of the cart, in the hole of the yoke, You of hundred doings; Having purified Apālā thrice, give this bride lustrous sun-skin.
३३. सुकिँशुकँ शल्मलिं विश्वरूपँ हिरण्यवर्णँ सुधुरँ सुचक्रम् ।
आरोह सूर्ये अमृतस्य लोकं स्योनं पत्ये वहतुं कृणुष्व ॥
(R.V.-10.85.20, A.V.14.1.61 वहतुं for शल्मलिं, पतिभ्यो for पत्ये, कृणु त्वम् for कृणुष्व)
This bridal car decorated with good Kimśuka flowers, golden coloured, smooth with good wheels; You mount Sūrya to go to the immortal house of your husband; Make a vehicle which is pleasant to husbands.
३४. मा विदन्परिपन्थिनो य आसीदन्ति दम्पती ।
सुगेभिर्दुर्गमतीतामप द्रान्त्वरातयः ॥
(R.V.-10.85.32)
Let not the way-layers who rob approach this couple. May the couple go through easy roads avoiding difficulties and keeping enemies away,
३५. ये वध्वश्चन्द्र वहतुं यक्ष्मा यन्ति जनादनु ।
पुनस्तान्यज्ञिया देवा नयन्तु यत आगताः ॥
(R.V.-10.85.31)
May the gods drive back the diseases which follow the bridal golden procession to the places where they came from.
३६. सुमङ्गलीरियं वधूरिमां समेत पश्यत ।
सौभाग्यामस्यै दत्वायाथास्तं विपरेतन ॥
(R.V.-10.85.33, A.V.14.2.28 दौर्भाग्यै for याथास्तं)
Fortunate is this bride, come near look at her; Having given your blessings for prosperity, return to your homes.
३७. जीवां रुदन्ती विमयन्तो अध्वरे दीर्घामनुप्रसितिं दीधियुर्नरः ।
वामं पितृभ्यो य इदं समेरिरे मयः पतिभ्यो जनयः परिष्वजे ॥
(R.V.-10.40.10, A.V.14.1.46 नयत्यध्वरं for विमन्यतो अध्वरे, दीध्युर्नरः for दीधियुर्नरः)
They who weep for the living ones, make them sit down at the sacrifice, embrace them, send the Pitṛs this desirable offering: Upon these husbands the wives bestow happiness in order to be embraced.
Hṛdaya Sparṣa
३८. मम हृदये हृदयं ते अस्तु मम चित्तं चित्तेनान्वेहि ।
मम वाचमेकमना जुषस्व प्रजापतिष्ट्वा नियुनक्तु मह्यम् ॥
(Ma.Br.-1.2.21)
Let your heart be in my heart, let your mind join my mind; With a single mind, follow my words; Let Prajāpati make you mine and keep you interested in me.
Untying the Mekhala & Śikha Vimocana
३९. प्र त्वा मुञ्चामि वरुणस्य पाशाद् येन त्वाबध्नात् सविता सुशेवाः ।
ऋतस्य योनौ सुकृतस्य लोकेऽरिष्टां त्वा सह पत्या दधामि ॥
(R.V.-10.85.24, A.V. 14.1.19- स्योनं ते अस्तु सहसंभलायै for अरिष्टां त्वा सह पत्या दधामि)
I release you from the fetters of Varuṇa through whom Savitā had bound you. In the lair of righteousness and in the world of the well done, I will shape you as a wife.
४०. प्रेतो मुञ्चामि नामुतः सुबद्धाममुतस्करम् ।
यथेयमिन्द्रं मीढ्वः सुपुत्रा सुभगासति ॥
(R.V.-10.85.25, A.V. 14.1.18)
I release you from here(father’s house), not from your husband’s house; The way kind Indra will make you fortunate and a bearer of good sons.
Saptapadi
४१. एकमिषे विष्णुस्त्वान्वेतु ।
द्वे ऊर्जे विष्णुस्त्वान्वेतु ।
त्रीणि व्रताय विष्णुस्तान्वेतु ।
चत्वारि मायोभवाय विष्णुस्तान्वेतु ।
पञ्च पशुभ्यो विष्णुस्तान्वेतु ।
षड्रायस्पोषाय विष्णुस्तान्वेतु ।
सप्त सप्तभ्यो होत्राभ्यो विष्णुस्तान्वेतु ।
सखा सप्तपदा भव सखायौ सप्तपदा बभूव ॥
(Tai.Br.-3.7.7.11)
(इष एकपद्यूर्जे द्विपदो रायस्पोषाय त्रिपदी मायोभव्याय चतुष्पदी प्रजाभ्यः
पञ्चपद्युतुभ्यः षट्पदी सखा सप्तपदी भव सा मामनुव्रता भव । पुत्रान्विन्दावहै
बहूँस्ते सन्तु जरदष्टयः R.V.G.Ss.)
First step for Sap, let Viṣṇu lead you; Second step for Energy, let Viṣṇu lead you; Third for Penances, let Viṣṇu lead you; Fourth for well being, let Viṣṇu lead you; Fifth for cattle; let Viṣṇu lead you; Sixth for wealth, let Viṣṇu lead you; Seventh for Sacrificial Rites, let Viṣṇu lead you; With the seventh step, become my friend.
४२. आपो हि ष्ठा मयोभुवस्ता न ऊर्जे दधातन । महे रणाय चक्षसे ॥
यो वः शिवतमो रसस्तस्य भाजयतेह नः । उशतीरिव मातरः ॥
तस्मा अरं गमाम वो यस्य क्षयाय जिन्वथ । आपो जनयथा च नः ॥
(R.V.-10.9.1,2,3, A.V.-1.5.1-3)
O waters , you are the source of happiness, grant us energy to enjoy abundance and great and delightful abundance. Grant us the ability to partake in this world of your most auspicious juice; like affectionate mothers; Let us quickly have recourse to you, for your faculty of removing sin by which you gladden us; O waters! Bestow us with progeny.
Graha Praveśa
४३. इह गावो निषिदन्त्विहाश्वा इह पूरुषाः ।
इहो सहस्रदक्षिणो यज्ञ इह पूषा निषीदतु ॥
(Ma.Pa.-1.9.1)
Here the cows will sit, here the horses and here the men; here let Pūṣā of thousand offerings sit.
४४. आ नः प्रजां जनयतु प्रजापतिराजरसाय समनक्त्वर्यमा ।
अदुर्मङ्गलीः पतिलोकमा विश शं नो भव द्विपदे शं वतुष्पदे ॥
(R.V.-10.85.43)
Let Prajāpati give us progeny; Let Aryamā keep us together till we reach old age; O Bride, you enter my(your husband’s) house and bestow happiness on men and animals in it.
४५. इमां त्वमिन्द्र मीढ्वस्सुपुत्रां सुभगां कृणु ।
दशास्यां पुत्रानाधेहि पतिमेकादशं कृधि ॥
(R.V.-10.85.44)
O Indra! Make this woman bear good children and be fortunate; Give her ten sons and make her husband the eleventh.
४६.सम्राज्ञी श्वशुरे भव सम्राज्ञी श्वश्व्रां भव ।
ननान्दरि सम्राज्ञी भव सम्राज्ञी अधि देवृषु ॥
(R.V.-10.85.45)
Be a queen over you father-in-law and a queen over your father-in-law. Be a queen over your sisters-in-law and brothers-in-law.
Dhruva Arundhati Darśana
४७. ध्रुवैधि पोष्या मयि मह्यं त्वादाद्बृहस्पतिः ।
मया पत्या प्रजावती सं जीव शरद शतम् ॥
Bṛhaspati has given you to me; Worthy of being under my care, be firm like Dhruva; Be a wife to me with good children and let us live a hundred years.
Caturthi Karma
४८. विष्णुर्योनिं कल्पयतु त्वष्टा रूपाणि पिंशतु ।
आसिञ्चतु प्रजापतिर्धाता गर्भं दधातु ते ॥
(R.V.-10.184.1, A.V.-5.25.5)
Let Viṣṇu prepare your womb, Let Tvaṣṭa shape the embryo; Let Prajāpati sprinkle and let Dhāta give conception.
४९. गर्भं धेहि सिनीवालि गर्भं धेहि सरस्वति ।
गर्भं ते अश्विनौ देवावाघत्तां पुष्करस्रजा ॥
(R.V.-10.184.2, A.V.-5.25.4)
O Sinīvāli, give conception, O Sarasvati, give conception; Let the two Aśvins decorated with garlands, give conception.
५०. हिरण्ययी अरुणी यं निर्मन्थतो अश्विना ।
तंते गर्भं दधाम्यहं दशमे मासि सूतवे ॥
(R.V.-10.184.3)
The embryo produced by golden coloured wooden sticks by attrition, that you protect and deliver after ten months.
५१. अग्ने प्रायश्चित्ते त्वं देवानां प्रायश्चित्तिरसि ब्राह्मणस्त्वा नाथकाम उपधावामि याऽस्यै पतिघ्नी तनूस्तामस्यै नाशय स्वाहा । वायो प्रायश्चित्ते त्वं देवानां प्रायश्चित्तिरसि ब्राह्मणस्त्वा नाथकाम उपधावामि याऽस्यै प्रजाघ्नी तनूस्तामस्यै नाशय स्वाहा । सूर्यं प्रायश्चित्ते त्वं देवानां प्रायश्चित्तिरसि ब्राह्मणस्त्वा नाथकाम उपधावामि याऽस्यै पशुघ्नी तनूस्तामस्यै नाशय स्वाहा । चन्द्र प्रायश्चित्ते त्वं देवानां प्रायश्चित्तिरसि ब्राह्मणस्त्वा नाथकाम उपधावामि याऽस्यै गृहघ्नी तनूस्तामस्यै नाशय स्वाहा । गन्धर्व प्रायश्चित्ते त्वं देवानां प्रायश्चित्तिरसि ब्राह्मणस्त्वा नाथकाम उपधावामि प्रायश्चित्ते त्वं देवानां प्रायश्चित्तिरसि ब्राह्मणस्वा नाथकाम उपधावामि याऽस्यै यशोघ्नी तनूस्तामस्यै नाशय स्वाहेति ॥
(Ma.Pa.-1.10.3-6)
Agni! You are the receiver of expiations among gods; I as a Brāhmin desirous of surrender have come to you. Destroy that in her body which is capable of killing her husband. Vayu! You are the receiver of expiations among gods; I as a Brāhmin desirous of surrender have come to you. Destroy that in her body which is capable of killing her children. Sūrya! You are the receiver of expiations among gods; I as a Brāhmin desirous of surrender have come to you. Destroy that in her body which is capable of killing cattle. Candra! You are the receiver of expiations among gods; I as a Brāhmin desirous of surrender have come to you. Destroy that in her body which is capable of destroying her house. Gandharva! You are the receiver of expiations among gods; I as a Brāhmin desirous of surrender have come to you. Destroy that in her body which is capable of destroying fame.
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